In the maintenance of diesel generator setsthere is an important link, that is to replace the oil. Diesel generator sets are a kind of mechanical equipment with high precision parts, and have high requirements for the quality of oil. The operation process plays a very important role. In order to let more users understand the importance of oil, the generator manufacturer in this article will explain in detail the important role of the oil of diesel generator sets.
Most people think that every diesel generator sets oil works the same, so some of them choose to buy cheap oil. However, there is a big difference in the quality of the oil, and the oil with poor quality will have a shorter service life, which will cause the generator set to consume more fuel and discharge more exhaust gas, shortening the life of the generator set.
Diesel generator sets can only be truly protected by using a good oil, and using a cheaper oil may seem like a cost saving, but it is not worth it at all, as it will only result in more expensive repairs and maintenance in the long run. Using high-quality oil can extend the life of diesel generator sets, better control emissions, and reduce maintenance costs.
The main function of oil is to keep the generator set lubricated and to help remove heat. With the strict requirements of emissions, the generator set pursues higher power efficiency, and the oil of the generator set must be used more than ever.
A larger role, providing better protection for the diesel engine. In addition to helping the generator sets maintain lubrication and heat removal, another function of oil 1 is to reduce damage to the generator set, mainly by preventing deposits (carbon deposits) and sludge accumulation, and the additive quality of low-grade oil. Possibly very low, dispersant eggs also might not keep the soot and carbon deposits floating, causing them to stick to the piston and piston rings. Adhering to the pistons and piston rings, these deposits can cause damage to the cylinder, reducing the performance of the generator set, increasing fuel consumption, and potentially increasing emissions. Poor quality motor oil can cause a variety of problems, due to the breakdown and lower quality of antioxidants, it can accelerate oxidation and oil breakdown, create sludge and carbon deposits, increase viscosity, and accelerate rust and corrosion. The accumulation of sludge will block the oil passage of the generator set, causing hot spots in the generator set and weakening the lubrication effect. Changing the oil will not solve these problems.
Users must use the right quality grade of oil, which is the key to ensure the normal operation of the generator sets.
Temporary use of substitute oil products should be strengthened under observation.If it is not the same quality oil, substitute oil can also be used temporarily, but it is necessary to strengthen the observation during use, pay attention to the oil quality and whether the oil filter is blocked, and stop the operation in time if any problem is found.
To choose the appropriate viscosity oil. The oil with the appropriate viscosity should be selected according to the local temperature. It is wrong to think that the higher the viscosity, the better. Because the viscosity is too large, the oil flow is too slow at the beginning, which will easily aggravate the wear of the parts and even cause a tile burning accident.
Drain the used oil when changing the oil. In order to prolong the service life of the generator, the old oil should be completely drained when changing the oil, so as not to contaminate the newly added oil, which will cause the new oil to deteriorate rapidly and cause corrosive wear of the engine. Under normal circumstances, drain the waste oil at high temperature, then add washing oil (a mixture of 85% ordinary oil and 15% gasoline), run it at idle speed for 10 minutes after starting, drain it again, and then add clean new Oil will do.
Users need to maintain the oil filter frequently. Regularly check and maintain the oil filters and replace the filter elements in time. The diesel generator operator should be aware of it.
The user needs to change the oil regularly or according to the quality. After using the oil of any quality, after a certain mileage, some physical and chemical indicators will change, which will cause harm to the engine and cause failure. Therefore, the oil should be changed regularly according to the quality of the oil.
The primary function of diesel generator oil is to lubricate operating parts. Oil forms a hydraulic oil film between metal surfaces, preventing direct contact of metal parts and reducing friction. When the oil film is not sufficient to avoid direct contact of metal parts, the following can occur: heat generated by friction; localized bonding; metal transfer causing galling or seizing; extreme pressure wear control.
Modern lubricants include extreme pressure (EP) antiwear additives. When the load on the parts is high enough to prevent the formation of a hydraulic oil film, these additives form a chemically bonded molecular oil film on the metal surface under high pressure, avoiding direct contact and wear.
The oil washes away contaminants on important components and acts as a cleaner for the generator set. Sludge, varnish and oxide buildup on pistons, piston rings, valve stems and oil seals can cause serious engine damage if the oil is not in control. Oils formulated with optimal additives will keep these contaminants in suspension until they are removed by the oil filtration system or removed during an oil change.
Oil provides a protective barrier that separates non-similar metals from corrosion. Corrosion, like wear, can cause metal chips to fall off engine parts. Corrosion is like a slow-acting wear process.
The engine needs to cool internal components, and the main cooling system cannot provide that cooling. Oil is an excellent heat transfer medium. Through contact with different components, heat is transferred to the oil and then to the main cooling system in the oil cooler.
Oil fills the uneven surfaces of cylinder liners, pistons, valve stems, and other internal parts of the engine and acts as a seal for combustion exhaust gases.
The oil film between the contact surfaces acts as a buffer and damper. Vibration damping is necessary in high load areas such as bearings, pistons, connecting rods and gear trains. Oil also acts as a hydraulic medium on the engine, typical applications such as Jabberbrakes and STC injectors.
Engine oils rely on additives to resist special contaminants over their useful life. The effect of oil additives on the overall performance of the engine is more important than the oil itself. Without oil additives, even the highest quality oil will not meet the requirements of an engine. Additives include:
- Detergents or dispersants that keep insoluble substances in suspension until the oil is changed. The oil filtration system cannot filter out these suspended substances. Excessive oil change intervals can cause deposits to form in the engine.
- Inhibitor, maintain oil stability, avoid acid corrosion of metal surface, and avoid rust when the engine is not running.
- Other oil additives help oil lubricate high-load areas of the engine (such as valve and injector systems), prevent galling and seizure, control foam formation, and prevent air from being trapped in the oil.
Diesel generator sets oil must be proportioned in such a way that the oil does not foam during the mechanical agitation process associated with many oil actions. Foaming oil can cause engine damage similar to that caused by insufficient oil because of insufficient oil film protection. Simply categorized as:
- Sealed and leak-proof: Diesel oil can form a sealing ring between the piston ring and the piston to reduce gas leakage and prevent the entry of external pollutants.
- Anti-rust and anti-corrosion: lubricating oil can be absorbed on the surface of the parts to prevent the contact of water, air, acidic substances and harmful gases with the parts.
- Lubrication and wear reduction: There is rapid relative sliding between the piston and the cylinder, between the main shaft and the bearing bush. To prevent the parts from wearing too quickly, an oil film needs to be established between the two sliding surfaces. The oil film of sufficient thickness separates the surfaces of the parts that are relatively sliding, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing wear.
- Cleaning and cleaning: Good diesel oil can circulate the carbides, sludge, and worn metal particles on engine parts back to the oil tank, and through the flow of lubricating oil, the dirt generated on the working surface of the parts can be washed away.
- Cooling and cooling: Diesel oil can bring heat back to the oil tank and then dissipate it into the air to help the water tank cool the Chengdu generator set.
- Shock absorption and buffering: When the pressure of the cylinder port of the engine rises sharply, the load on the piston, piston chips, connecting rod and crankshaft bearing is suddenly aggravated. This load is transmitted and lubricated by the bearing, so that the impact load it bears acts as a buffer.
How to choose the correct oil for diesel generators?
Diesel generators should choose the correct oil steps as follows
1 Depending on the oil type. Motor oil is classified by type, and divided into three categories according to its source: traditional mineral oil, synthetic oil and nanometer oil. Conventional motor oils also contain significantly greater amounts of impurities such as sulfur, reactive and unstable hydrocarbons, and other unwanted contaminants that cannot be completely removed by conventional crude oil refining. Synthetic engine oil has better lubricating properties than mineral engine oils, lower friction resistance, less oxidation, and stronger detergency. The disadvantage is that the low temperature fluidity and heat resistance are worse than that of mineral oil. Nano Mopi engine oil is compounded by adding nano Monet additives and other additives to the base oil, which can be widely used in the moisturizing system of the internal combustion engine of thousands of vehicles. The better the performance, the higher the price of course.
Choose according to the oil level. API standard classification, starting with S followed by letters E F G H L M N The further the order is, the higher the quality level, the better the performance.
Choose according to oil viscosity. The American Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) has customized viscosity grades according to the different ring filling temperatures used in automobiles. Take 5W-30 as an example, “5W” W stands for winter, usually subtract 35 from the value in front of W, which is used for lubricating oil. Low temperature, low temperature viscosity grades are divided into 0w.5W, 10W, 15W, 20W, 25W, the smaller the value, the better the low temperature performance. The “-30” number represents the viscosity at 1oo·c, usually divided into 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, the larger the number, the higher the viscosity.
The selection of diesel generator oil must be made in strict accordance with the instructions. For some users who choose to use cheap or blended oil to save the cost of use, it is strongly recommended not to rent a generator, because it is very harmful to the generator, and the future maintenance costs may be much greater than the savings.
Secondly, you need to know that the higher the viscosity of diesel generator oil, the better, suitability is the most important, some people always think that the viscosity of diesel generator oil is more reliable. In fact, within the range allowed by the specification, choosing a low-viscosity diesel generator oil can reduce the friction and wear of mechanical parts, and save fuel, cooling and cleaning.
If you blindly use imported diesel generator oil, even if the engine oil is too thin at normal working temperature, the oil pressure will be too low, or even fail to reach the specified working pressure, which cannot meet the needs of normal lubrication and make the engine wear more serious. To choose the correct oil to use.